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Years before Christopher Columbus stepped foot on what would come to be called the Americas, the expansive territory was inhabited by Native Americans. Throughout the 16th and 17th centuries, as more explorers sought to colonize their land, Native Americans responded in different stages, from cooperation to indignation to revolt.

Kintpuash or Captain Jack was the chief in the Modoc individuals in both California and Oregon. His name within the Modoc language was “Strikes the Water Brashly”. He was the only Native American leader to be charged with war crimes. Kintpuash and his Modoc tribe lived close to Tule Lake along the California and Oregon border. Just after the European invasion Kintpuash and his tribe were forcibly removed by white settlers towards the Klamath Indian Reservation in southwest Oregon. The Klamath tribe already occupied this land, and using the arrival of your Modoc’s the two tribes became rivals. Following getting poorly treated by the bigger Klamath tribe, in 1865 Captain Jack led his family members, and the Modoc people today back to their lands in California. In 1869 the Modoc tribe was rounded up by the United states of america Army and taken back to the Klamath Reservation. The following year in 1870 Kintpuash after again led his people today back to Tule Lake, California.

Chief Joseph was a Nez Perce leader who led his tribe known as the Wallowa band of Nez Perce by means of a treacherous time in United states of america history. These indigenous persons have been natives to the Wallowa Valley in Oregon. Chief Joseph was a strong advocate for his people’s rights to stay on their homeland. In 1877 the Nez Perce tribe was forcibly removed from their native land by the Usa government. The Nez Perce have been given 30 day notice to leave their homeland. At first the Nez Perce persons resisted removal, and this resulted within a series of violent events. They had been ordered to relocate to a reservation in Lapwai, Idaho which resulted in to the Nez Perce War.

Metacomet was a Wampanoag whose tribe sought to reside in harmony with the native american chief colonists initially. He became sachem (chief) in 1662, soon after the deaths of his father and older brother. As a leader he took the lead in his tribe’s trade with all the colonists. In time, he took the name King Philip to honor the relations amongst the colonists and his father and in some cases purchased European style apparel in Boston. As sachem for several years, Metacomet witnessed increased get in touch with and encroachment by white settlers. Substantially of this speak to resulted in humiliations of his persons. He's known for King Philip’s War (1675-1678.)

Sitting Bull was a Hunkpapa Lakota military, religious, and tribal chief who led his people today by way of numerous years of resistance to government policies within the United states. He was a stalwart defender of his people’s land and methods of life which were threatened by the intrusion of white settlers on treaty assured tribal territories. The United states government produced wonderful efforts to settle Native Americans on reservations. These violations provoked a vision in Sitting Bull’s mind in which he envisioned the defeat from the 7th Cavalry Regiment. Therefore this brought upon the “Battle in the Little Bighorn” in which Sitting Bull, and other war leaders victoriously masterminded the defeat of U.S. troops that included killing Custer a lieutenant colonel, and all of his men.